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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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time
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022789
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02278900.046
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1990-09-17
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NATION, Page 18Raining on Baker's ParadeWho said being Secretary of State would be easy?
Secretary of State James Baker is renowned for keeping his boss
out of deep doo-doo and never stepping into any himself. But
Baker's surefootedness was notably lacking last week. In his first
frantic foreign foray as the nation's top diplomat, the
up-close-and-personal touch that has served Baker so well with
Congress and the press did not play very well. And a new accord by
five Central American Presidents caught the Secretary
uncharacteristically off-stride.
Baker's most surprising slip last week was not realizing that
Reagan-era ethical laxity is Out and more rigid Bush-era ethics are
In. Four days after a story broke that he owned shares (worth $7
million in 1981 and an undisclosed amount today) in Chemical Bank
New York Corp., which has huge loans to Third World nations, he
announced that he would sell them. As Reagan's Secretary of
Treasury, a qualified blind trust (whose owner knows what assets
it contains, though he has no say in when they are bought and sold)
was deemed sufficient. But after White House ethics chief C. Boyden
Gray, who had also run afoul of the stricter rules, focused the
zeal of the newly converted on the Baker portfolio (and
conveniently deflected attention away from his own problems with
the new rules), nothing short of complete divestiture would do.
Though Baker said the sale of the stock would have his
grandfather "turning over in his grave," this was not a close call:
there is no way for a Secretary of the Treasury to deal with Third
World debt and not significantly affect the fortunes of Chemical
Bank, and there is no way for a Secretary of State to steer
completely clear of the issue. Harvard economist Jeffrey Sachs
pointed out last week that after Baker refused to accept a
Brazilian proposal that would have forced American banks to write
down billions of dollars in debt in 1987, Chemical's stock rose
nearly 40% in six months.
Otherwise, Baker was like someone on an all-you-can-visit tour,
racing through 14 European capitals (not to mention Ottawa) in
eight days. His visit was long enough for him to see that Western
Europe is in the grip of Gorby fever: in response to Mikhail
Gorbachev's disarming foreign policy, leaders there are awaiting
something more substantive in the way of a U.S. response than the
singing of Moscow Nights during the Soviet leader's White House
visit.
Flying into Bonn, Baker vowed to find out "exactly what the
German position is" on a U.S. plan for upgrading 88 Lance nuclear
missiles (range: 80 miles), most of them based in West Germany,
with new longer-range weapons. That is a touchy subject for West
German Chancellor Helmut Kohl. Modernization has become a
hot-button issue in German politics, and Kohl would like to
postpone modernizing the weapons until after national elections in
December 1990. Already Kohl's Christian Democrats have suffered
thrashings in six recent local elections, and his government might
not survive an unpopular pledge to accept new nuclear weapons. Bush
will try to nudge Kohl into a compromise before the NATO summit
this spring.
A few more sprinkles fell on Baker's parade when five Central
American Presidents agreed to a plan that would disband the
anti-Sandinista contras now holed up in Honduras in exchange for
new guarantees of democracy by Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega.
Though Baker had met with the Foreign Ministers of Honduras and
Costa Rica only a week before, the State Department was caught
flat-footed. Spokesman Charles Redman could only declare, "We
weren't at the meeting. We'd like to find out more about it."
Back in Washington, the revolving door was buffeting Baker's
nominee for Deputy Secretary of State, Lawrence Eagleburger, a
former high-ranking diplomat who most recently was the
$200,000-a-year president of Kissinger Associates. The firm's
global list of clients (including Britain's Midland Bank, South
Korea's vast Daewoo Group and Hunt Oil projects in the Middle East)
is so extensive that he may have to cross off entire continents to
avoid the appearance of a conflict of interest. Eagleburger, who
would be in charge when Baker is out of the country, proposes to
solve the problem by recusing himself from any decision affecting
former clients, but that could leave him with a lot of time on his
hands. On top of that, there is grumbling aplenty along the
corridors of the State Department over Baker's quick appointments
of political allies and slowness to install career diplomats in key
positions.
No doubt Baker will have better weeks. It's a mad, mad, mad,
mad world out there, and a Secretary of State can scarcely be
expected to have mastered every corner of it in three weeks on the
job. Up to now Baker has led a charmed official life. It may have
taken a pair of striped pants for him to realize that even he puts
his trousers on one leg at a time.